中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“新型实体企业”入选2022年度十大热词****** 在12月20日揭晓的“汉语盘点2022”中,“新型实体企业”成为“年度十大新词语”,一同入选的还有“中国式现代化”“冰雪经济”“数字人”等。 始于2006年的“汉语盘点”活动迄今已连续举办17年,活动每年进行一次系统地汉语梳理盘点,旨在通过这些关键字或词描述过去一年的中国和世界,借以记录社会的变迁,彰显汉语的魅力。 那么,为何“新型实体企业”能跻身年度十大热词? 据报道,年度字词均由中国国家语言资源监测与研究中心基于大数据语料库,利用语言信息处理技术筛取,并经过专家评议而来的。如果百度一下“新型实体企业”,可以找到相关结果9580万条(百度上限为1亿条)。这充分说明,作为数实融合催生的一个企业“新物种”,“新型实体企业”由于其紧扣时代精神,表达出了日新月异的数字技术为实体经济高质量发展注入新动能,已成为新时代我国着力推动高质量发展、推进中国式现代化的重要抓手和动力担当。 拆词来看,新型实体企业由“新型”和“实体企业”组成:“实体企业”是根本属性,“新型”为核心特征。笔者理解,“新型”至少体现在三方面。 技术能力新。从大的趋势维度看,新型实体企业诞生于新一轮科技革命和产业变革突飞猛进的背景下,因此它们普遍将创新作为引领发展的第一动力,不断在技术研发上加大投入力度,使自身技术能力时刻保持“新型”。在近日公布的新型实体百强企业当中,2021年总研发投入6481亿元、新增发明专利5.6万件,呈现科技创新和产出“双高”的特点。其中,有1家研发投入突破千亿,有19家新型实体企业进入百亿研发俱乐部。 运营方式新。从企业运营维度看,新型实体企业一方面具备实体基因和属性,能够深度理解和融入实体运营,但更重要的方面是要求其具备先进的数字技术和能力,并善于深度应用于大量丰富的实体场景,从而使其运营方式超越传统实体企业,成为潮流风向上的引领“新型”。当前,数据作为新型生产要素快速融入生产、分配、流通、消费等各环节,新型实体企业因为具有先进数字技术能力,再加上积累的实体运营经验,从而有着相较于传统实体企业的巨大优势。例如,新型实体企业的典型代表京东,“从实体中来,到实体中去”,依托其以往实体场景中所沉淀和淬炼过的技术和能力,通过有效激活数据要素潜能,实现超千万SKU自营货品库存周转天数接近30天,供应链运营效率全球领先。 功能作用新。新型实体企业的一大特性是生态普惠性,即在工业生产、商品流通、信息通信、民生保障等领域,通过持续开展数字基础设施投资建设,扮演“供应链数字化服务商”角色,发挥出“数字基础设施”作用,为千行百业转型升级提供坚实的数字化底座,并提高了乡村振兴的普惠性、可及性、便利性。在2022年新型实体企业百强中,有65家承担起供应链数字化服务商的角色,不仅为行业降本增效,还增强了整个社会的产业链供应链韧性。其中,京东以“链网融合”为核心织起的货、仓、云“三网通”供应链体系,服务了超800万家活跃企业客户,是九成以上在华世界500强、近70%专精特新中小企业的共同选择,并在医疗、制造、能源等众多领域提供专业的供应链服务。 新时代呼唤新力量。我们看到,新时代将是新型实体企业的黄金发展机遇期,新型实体企业也必将为中国式现代化注入新的源源不断的强劲动力。(邓浩然) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |